This evaluation will examine whether, how, and to what extent projects supported by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) are inclusive of historically marginalized groups, and the effects of inclusion (or lack thereof). It will focus on inclusion of people marginalized on the basis of gender (with a primary focus on women, but also girls and sexual and gender minorities), Indigenous Peoples and local communities (IPLCs), and other groups such as youth and persons with disabilities. The evaluation will assess the approaches to and relative prevalence of inclusion of marginalized populations in GEF projects generally, with special consideration of GEF support in fragile and conflict-affected situations (FCS). Such situations are characterized by problems of marginalization and exclusion that are distinct from stable situations, and this evaluation of inclusion will build on a recent overall evaluation of GEF support in FCS. It will consider the effects of inclusion of marginalized populations on project outcomes as well as socioeconomic co-benefits. The evaluation will approach the issue of inclusion from a combined perspective of capitalizing on opportunities (e.g., inclusion as improving project outcomes) and managing risks (e.g., risks to projects and to stakeholders).